千葉大学東葛キャンパス植物データベース

属名の詳細: Saintpaulia [1693]

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属英名: African violet

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科名: Gesneriaceae

科の和名: イワタバコ

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説明（英語）: Genus of 20 species of low-growing, evergreen perennials found on banks, streamsides, on or among rocks, or as epiphytes on trees In a very small area of tropical E. Africa. Most are virtually stemless or have very short stems, and form rosettes of rounded to elliptic, somewhat succulent, usually hairy leaves. Trailing African violets produce the rosettes on extended stems, with the leaf-stalks usually longer than the leaf-blades. Flowers normally have 2 smaller petals at the top and 3 larger ones below, and are borne singly or in cymes. There are over 2,000 cultivars, mainly derived from S. ionantha, with white, pink, red, blue, violet, bi- or multi-coloured flowers, 1-6cm (1/2-2 1/2in) across, borne throughout the year. They may be single (5-petalled), semi-double (with small crests or lobes in the middle of the 5 petals), or fully double (with two or more layers of petals). The flowers are star-shaped, with all 5 petals of the same shape and size, or bell-shaped. Petal edges may be ruffled, rounded, frilled, or fringed. The leaves are usually mid- or dark green, and may be subtly feathered or flecked, or strongly variegated white, pink, or cream; most are broadly ovate to oval, and 4-20cm (1 1/2-8in) long, including the stalks. Grow African violets as houseplants; most greenhouses or conservatories are too hot in summer and too cold in winter. African violet cultivars are classified by rosette size into 5 groups (see below). The measurement given is the diameter of the rosette; the spread of each cultivar is the same as this. MICRO-MINIATURE...less than 8cm (3in); MINIATURE...8-16cm (3-6in); SEMI-MINIATURE...16-21cm (6-8in); STANDARD...21-40cm (8-16in); LARGE...over 40cm (16in)

耐寒性（英語）: Frost tender. Ideal temperature is 18-24°C (64-75°F).

栽培（英語）:

繁殖（英語）: Sow seed at 19-24°C (66-75°F) as soon as ripe or in early spring. Root leaf cuttings or suckers of cultivars at 24-27°C (75-81°F) in summer. Chimaeras (graft hybrids) will not come true from leaf cuttings.

病害虫（英語）: Prone to aphids, mealybugs, thrips, tarsonemid mites, vine weevil larvae, grey mould (Botrytis), crown rot, and powdery mildew.

説明:

備考（英語）:

備考: アフリカスミレ

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更新情報: 作成: 2007-12-06 12:51; 更新: 2020-09-04 03:56

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